TPOT: Special Collections--Physical evidence terms

                                                            I.C.3
            SPECIAL COLLECTIONS CATALOGING PROCEDURE

                     PHYSICAL EVIDENCE TERMS

Reviewed Nov 17, 1998 by Richard Lindemann

     N.B.  MARC code 755 is no longer valid.  The procedures below 
apply as stated except that appearances of code 755 (both indicators 
"blank") should be replaced with:  655 _7 .

     Added entry terms that describe "physical evidence" aspects
of special collections materials in the areas of binding, paper,
printing, publishing, provenance, typography, and graphics/visual
are coded in USMARC field 755.  Terms are applied selectively to
items that are important, attractive, or representative examples
of a characteristic or technique; they should not be applied
exhaustively to every item which they fit.  755 terms are used
only for actual examples of a technique or characteristic, not
for works with a physical evidence topic as its subject matter.  

     Catalogers should apply good judgement in determining
whether or not to trace a particular feature.  Usually, the
curator will indicate that particular aspects of the piece merit
tracing.  When apparently striking features appear without
curatorial notice and you are unsure about whether or not to
trace them, seek guidance from the principal cataloger or the
curator.  Poor examples, either in technique or condition, are
never traced without curatorial direction.

     Terms describing physical evidence usually refer to the
physical materials of which an object is made (Pigskin bindings,
Handmade paper printings) the processes or techniques used to
create it (Engravings, Lithographs, Woodcuts, Facsimiles), or the
"life" of a particular copy (Authors' presentation inscriptions,
Annotations, Binding errors, Extra-illustrated copies).  Terms
are taken from the following thesauri:

     Binding Terms: A Thesaurus for Use in Rare Book and Special
Collections Cataloguing.  Chicago: Association of College and
Research Libraries, 1988.  [|2 rbbin]

     Paper Terms: A Thesaurus for Use in Rare Book and Special
Collections Cataloguing.  Chicago: Association of College and
Research Libraries, 1989.  [|2 rbpap]

     Printing and Publishing Evidence: Thesauri for Use in Rare
Book and Special Collections Cataloguing.  Chicago: Association
of College and Research Libraries, 1986.  [|2 rbpri or |2 rbpub]

     In using this thesaurus, be careful to use the correct
     parenthetical qualifier (i.e., "Printing" or "Publishing")
     following each term [see "Introduction"--p. ii-iii].  Either
     follow existing precedent on INNOPAC or carefully select the
     qualifier based on instructions found in the thesaurus. 
     When either qualifier is possible according to the
     thesaurus, usually prefer to use "Printing" unless it
     clearly is not appropriate.

     Provenance Evidence: Thesaurus for Use in Rare Book and
Special Collections Cataloguing.  Chicago: Association of College
and Research Libraries, 1988.  [|2 rbprov]

     See procedures for "Name Entries and Relator Terms" (I.C.1)
     for additional instructions on tracing provenance.  Do not
     apply "Provenance Evidence" terms simply because they exist,
     even though you may be directed to trace the name of the
     former owner and even though you may mention the feature in
     a note (this applies especially for the following
     ubiquitous, often noted but rarely traced, features: 
     Annotations; Autographs; Bookplates; Inscriptions).

     Type Evidence: Thesaurus for Use in Rare Book and Special
Collections Cataloguing.  Chicago: Association of College and
Research Libraries, 1989.  [|2 rbtyp]

     Descriptive Terms for Graphic Materials: Genre and Physical
Characteristic Headings.  Washington, D.C.: Cataloging
Distribution Service, 1986.  [|2 gmgpc]

     Catalogers must familiarize themselves with the introductory
material in each thesaurus, since details of term construction
and coding vary.  For example, all terms in the ACRL thesauri
must be followed by a parenthetical qualifier, while GMGPC terms
are not.

          The 755 field is repeatable, so more than one term may
be added to a single bib record, as appropriate.

     Some terms are copy specific; that is, they do not apply to
the entire work, but only to the copy in hand.  Be careful not to
enter copy-specific terms into OCLC master records when inputting
original or Enhance records.

     Terms entered in the 755 field appear as "OTHER FEATURES"
tracings in ROGER.  They are searchable in INNOPAC'S subject
index, but are not indexed on OCLC or in MELVYL.

     Order of subfields/subdivisions: Apply subdivisions/
subfields in the following order:

     1. chronological (|y)
     2. color (|x)
     3. facsimile/reproduction (|x)
     4. thesaurus source code (|2)

     Geographic subdivision: Not used for physical evidence
terms.
     
     Chronological subdivision: Special Collections usually, but
not always, codes the year of publication in the |y subfield. 
Consult precedent on INNOPAC for subdivision practice for each
term with which you are not familiar.  In cases where the imprint
date would be misleading (for example, "Armorial bindings" and
most other provenance terms), use the appropriate year, the
century, or omit the date entirely.

     Color subdivision: Use "|x Color" for examples in color of
graphics/visual terms from Descriptive Terms.

     Facsimile/reproduction subdivision: Use "|x Facsimiles" for
facsimile copies indexed using terms from the ACRL thesauri, and
"|x Reproductions" for reproductions of visual items indexed
using Descriptive Terms.  (The difference is a matter of usage in
the rare book vs. graphics communities.)  Index facsimiles and
reproductions only for truly important examples or for terms
indexed exhaustively, such as an extensive collection of
reproductions of engravings or lithographs.

     Thesaurus source code: |2 must always be present; see above,
or the introduction to each thesaurus, for the appropriate |2
code (note that Printing and Publishing Evidence has separate
codes for printing and publishing).    Generally prefer to use a
term from one of the ACRL thesauri when a term with the same
meaning, but different syntax, is also found in Descriptive
Terms.

     Some examples of coded terms:

755     Lithographs |y 1973 |xColor. |2 gmgpc
755     Handmade paper printings (Printing) |y 1977. |2 rbpri
755     Review copies (Publishing) |y 1943. |2 rbpub
755     Double fore-edge paintings (Binding) |y 18th century.
          |2 rbbin
755     Authors' presentation inscriptions |y 20th century.
          |2 rbprov
     Terms used exhaustively:  Special Collections uses the
following terms for every book that is an example of that
feature.  Other terms are applied selectively, usually at the
curator's direction.  Consult the thesauri for specific terms
that are used selectively and attempt to apply terms consistent
with the hierarchy of established use. 


BINDING
  Accordion fold format
  Brocade bindings
  Cuir-cisel‚ bindings
  Dos- -dos bindings
  Double fore-edge paintings
  Fore-edge paintings

PAPER
  use only as directed
PRINTING/PUBLISHING
  Block books
  Corrected proofs
  Dummies
  Miniature books
  Printer's devices (dcrb      
     only)
  Shaped books
  Uncorrected proofs

GMGPC
  Chromolithographs
  Panoramic photographs
  Photoprints

PROVENANCE
  Extra-illustrated copies

TYPE EVIDENCE
  use only as directed

1C3 12/94
Revised 12/11/97